Semiconvertible car.



PATENTED OCT. 3, 1905. J- A. BRILL & H. E. HADDOOK.

SEMIOONVERTIBLE OAR.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 28, 1903.

5 SHEETS-SB BET l No. 800,716. 7 PATENTED OCT. 3, 1905.

J. A. BRILL H. E. HADDOGK.

SEMIGONVBRTIBLE GAR.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 28. 1903.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

.7 yfm 22 r amvmto o's.

.Qmgy We 9 PATENTED 001'. s, 1905. J. A. BRILL & H. B. HADDOGK.

SEMIGONVERTIBLE CAR.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 28. 1903.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

SEMICONVERTIBLE UAR.

PATENTED OGT. 3, 1905. J. A. BRILL & H. E. HADDOGK.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 28, I903.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

muiiw a Gmnm co., wowmmonm usns. wasmcrou. n c

. amoenl'ozs 1% Mm UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN A. BRILL AND HENRY E. HADDOOK, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYL- VANIA;SAID HADDOGK ASSIGNOK TO SAID BRILL.

SEMICONVERTIBLE CAR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 3, 1905.

Application filed September 28, 1903. Serial No 174,995.

to vided with windows, each having two sashes,

an upper and a lower, sliding in separate grooves into the sash-pockets.As these sashpockets are on the same level as the car-seats, the pocketshave to be made correspondingly I wide so as to provide room for guidinggrooves and the partitions between them.

The object of our invention is to provide a structure in which space isreduced, thereby increasing the seatingcapacity of the ear withoutincreasing its breadth. This we accomplish by providing means formovingthe sashes in each window against each other and then into thesash-pocket.

In prior cars, as we know the prior art, it has been necessary to dropthe lower (in many cases the larger) sash into the pocket in order toventilate the car through the windows. This has proven a greatdisadvantage.

A novel feature of our invention consists in the arrangement of sasheswhich compels the elevation of the lower or larger sash before it can bedropped into thepocket and to provide means for adjusting its elevationto the desired height so that the ventilation may be regulated asdesired.

Novel means are also provided whereby the removal of one or more of thesashes Without disturbing the framework may be readily accomplished.

For a more particular description of our invention embodying these andother im provements reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings,forming a part hereof, i which Figure 1 is a perspective view of aportion of a semiconvertible car provided with our invention. Figs. 3and 4 are sectional views showing the sashes in their raised and loweredpositions, respectively. Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8 are sections taken on thelines 5 5, 6 6, 7 7, and 8 8 of Fig. 4 looking in the direction of thearrows. Figs.

9, 10, and 11 are detailed views showing a removable guide. Figs. 12 and13 are detailed Fig. 2 is an elevation of the same. I

views showing the catch For holdingthe guidestrip in position. Figs. 14,15, and 16 are detailed perspective views showing portions of theguides. Figs. 17 and 18 are two elevations showing the relativepositions of the sashes when raised. elevation and a perspective view,respectively, showing the relative positions of the sashes when in theirsash-pockets. Fig. 21 is a plan view of the same. the upper sash loweredso as to get ventilation above the upper sash and below the lower sash.Fig. 23 is a sectional view showing the lower sash resting on the coverof the sash-pocket and the upper sash in its corresponding position.

Throughout the various views similar reference characters designatesimilar parts.

A semiconvertible car which is provided with our improvements isprovided with any suitable frame containing sills 1, crossings,(crossings not shown,) and stanchions 2, which support the roof 3. Thecar is also provided with the usual sides 4, letter-boards 5, andflooring 6; but as these, with the exception of the stanchions, may beof any suitable form and are not a part of our invention furtherdescription is unnecessary.

Figs. 19 and 20 are an Fig. 22 is a view showing The stanchions 2 aresecured to the sills 1 by bolts 7, which also pass through the sideboard 8 on the outside of the stanchions, and to these boards the sides4 are secured. Between the lower edges of the sills 1 and boards 8 andthe ends of the stanchions 2 are interposed strips 9, on which areplaced rubber cushions 10. Base-boards 11 rest on the sills 1 and extendalong the stanchions2and panels 12 rest on these base-boards 11. Covers13 are hinged at 14 to the panels 12, with their free ends resting onwindow-sills 15. Below the covers 13 the stanchions 2 are provided withadjoining grooves 16 and 17, the former to these stanchions and runparallel to the flanges to form guide-grooves which determine themovement of the sashes 18 and 19. The guides 23 each comprise a stripwhich secured, or otherwise suitably lastened, tothe inner edge of thestanchion 2 and extends far enough transversely of the stanchion to formone wall of each of the curtain-grooves on each side of the stanchion,the other walls being formed by the guides 22. These guides 22 are eachdivided into two parts 22 and 22", grooved on one of its outer edges at24. At its upper end each part 22 is provided with a spring-catch 26,which engages a catch or fastening 27 on the stanchion, as shown in Fig.13. The casing 28 of the latch 26 overlaps the end of the part 22 toinsure the proper alinement of the guide. At its lower end this part ofthe guide is provided with a dowel 29, which enters and fits a hole 30in the part 22, which is fixed to the stanchion. The length of the part22 is a little longer than that of the sash 18, so that this sash may beremoved without trouble whenever the part 22 is removed. The sash 19,which is smaller than the sash 18, may also be removed in a similarmanner without difliculty. The upper end of the guide 22 is enlarged at31 for a purpose that will appear below. The guide 21 is morecomplicated and comprises a base 32, to which are secured the cams 33,34, 35, and 36 and a stop 37, as is clearly shown in Fig. 14. The cam 33is centrally located at the lower end of the base 32 and is narrowerthan said base by about twice the thickness of the trunnions on the sash18. At its lower and outer edge the cam 33 is provided with a guide 38,which extends to a point opposite the lower end of the cam 34. Thisguide 38 and the outer edge of the cam 33 extend upwardly and inwardly,and at a convenient point is located a recess 39, which is downwardlyand inwardly disposed and adapted to receive a trunnion on the sash 18when the sash is raised. The exact location of this recess is determinedby conditions which will be explained below.

The inner edge of the cam 33 is substan tially vertical and is providedwith trunnionreceiving recesses 40 and 41, which are downwardly andinwardly disposed, the latter being so located that the sash 18 may reston the cover 13 when the sash-trunnion is in this recess. The otherrecess enables the sash 18 to be raised, as will hereinafter appear. Thecam 34 runs parallel to the outer edge of the cam 33 and is separatedtherefrom by a distance substantially equal to the diameter of thetrunnions on the sashes. This cam 34 is fixed to the outer edge of thebase 32 and terminates at its lower extremity as described above and atits upper a little short of the cam The upper edge of the cam 33 issubstai'itially horizontal and separated therefrom by a distance whichwill enable the said trunnions to slide freely in the cam 35, which isfixed to the base 32 at its outer edge and extends upwardly to a pointnear the cam 36. This cam is a double one that is, it has a lowersection 42 next the base 32 whose edges are substantially parallel atthe sides and at the bottom extend parallel to the top of the cam 33 andits upper edge is firstcurvcd and then run downwardly and outwardly andparallel to the cam 36 and the upper sections 43 and 44, which are fixedto the section 42. The section 43 at its lower and outer edges registerswith the section 42. Its upper edge curves inwardly and upwardly to itsapex and then downwardly and outwardly to the edge of the section 42.The section 44 separates from the upper edge of the section 43 by adistance which is great enough to permit a sash-trunnion to pass betweenthem. The lowcr end of this section 44 begins at the outer edge of thesection 42 and from thence is curved upwardly and inwardly parallel tothe section 43 and its inner side edge is inclined upwardly and inwardlyto the edge of the section 42. The remaining edges register with thissection.

Above the cam 35 and at the lower end of the cam 36 the base 31 isoffset a distance substantially equal to the thickness of the sash 19,and the cam 36 extends throughout this ofl'set position to the top ofthe base and along the top to stop 37. This cam is also made with alower section 45, which is fixed to the base 32, and an upper section46, which is secured thereto. The section 45 extends downwardly from thestop 3'? and then is curved outwardly and downwardly to the inner edgewhich is in alinement with the inner edges of the cams 33 and 35. Thelower edge is curved inwardly and then runs parallel to the upper edgeof the cam 35 to a point over the outer edge of the said cam 35 andthence downwardly and inwardly and downwardly again to form a steppedportion 47. The section 46 covers the section 45 except as follows: Atthe point 48, which is about the middle of the inner edge of the cam 36,the section 46 is cut away to form a recess 49, and below this recessthe inner edge of this section runs parallel to the corresponding edgeof the section 45 to a point 50, which is over the upper extremity ofthe inner edge of the section 44 of the cam 35.

The cams and the sections are fixed in place by screws or other suitablemeans and are so proportioned, disposed, and arranged as to cooperatewith the mechanism of the sashes and as will appear below.

The flanges 20 are adapted to engage the edges of the sashes 18 and 19when they occupy the position shown in Fig. 3, so that the part 2O whichengages the sash 18 runs substantially parallel to the outer edge of thecam 33 and terminates in a metallic plate 20, which extends a littleabove a horizontal por- IIC , stop 37.

tion on which the sash 19 rests. maiuing part of the flange 20 isvertical and rests against the sash 19, as shown at 20.

The sashes 18 and 19 overlap and are each provided with the usual frame51 and 52, with glasses 53 and 54. The sashes may be of any suitablesize relative to each other, although it is preferable to make themsubstantially as shownthat is, with the sash 18 a little less tl antwice as large as the sash 19.

Each side edge of the frame 51 of the sash 18 is provided with theirpintles or trunnions 55, 56, and 57. The trunnions 55 and 57 projeetfrom plates 58- and 59, which are sunk flush with the edges 51 adjacentto the top and bottom of the sash. The trunnions 56 project from plates60, which are flush with the bottoms of recesses 61, which are cut inthe edges between the trunnions 55 and 57. As the trunnions 55, 56, and57 project about the same distance from their respective plates, thetrunnions 56 do not project as far from the sash as the others, as willappear below. Recesses 61 are formed in the upper corners of the frame51, and this sash 18 is also provided with lifts 62 and doubleleaf-springs 63.

The sash 19 is provided with cleats 64, which are sunk in flush with theedges of the frame 52, and each cleat 64 is stamped or otherwise formedfrom a metallic plate and is provided with com-*erging lugs 65 and 66,which are adapted to it in the recesses 61 and engage the lugs 56, asshown clearly in Figs. 19 and 20. At the upper extremities of theedgesof the frames 52 are plates 67 with offset parts from which projecttrunnions 68. WVhen the sashes are in the position shown in the figureslast above mentioned, the offset portion of the plate 67 rests in therecesses 61 and the trunnions 68 are in alinement with the trunnions 55,56, and 57, and the sashes positively engage each other through the lug66 and trunnions 56, as well as the plate 67 with walls of the recess61. 7

From the above description the operation of our invention will bereadily understood. Assuming the sashes to be in the position indicatedin Fig. 3, they are shifted to the position shown in Fig. 4 as follows:By means of the lifts 62 or otherwise the sash 18 is raised. Thetrunnions 55 slide between the cams 33 and 34, the trunnions 56 areguided by the sections 43 and 44 on the section 42 of the cam 35, andthe trunnions 54 slide along the lower edge of the cam 36 and side ofthe section 45 until the trunnion 57 engages the enlarged end 31 of theguide 22, when the upper end of the sash 18 is moved inwardly, therebycausing the trunnions 56 to pass over the section 45 and into the recess49, as well as between the lugs 65 and 66. As the sash is moved fartherup the trunnions 56 engage the lugs 66 and raise the sash 19 clear ofthe plates 20" until the trunnion 57 engages the The sash 18 is thenpulled inwardly,

T he rethe trunnions passing between the cams 33 and and then the sashes18 and 19 are lowered, the trunnions 68 and 57 being guided by the cams36 and the trunnions 55 by the cam 33, as well as the guide 22. Thecover 13 is thrown back on the hinges 14, and the sash 18 slides intothe grooves 16 onto the cushions 10, and the sash 19 slides into thegrooves 17, and it is held by its positive engagement with the sash 18during its movement and while in the sash-pocket. The sashes are heldfrom movement and kept from making a noise by the springs 63, which restagainst the flared portions of the grooves 16. The cover 13 is thenclosed. hen the sashes are changed from the position shown in Fig. 4 tothat shown in Fig.

3, the above-mentioned movements are re* versed, the sash 19 is placedon the projections 20" between the plates 20" and the part 20 and thesash 18 rests against the part 20, with the trunnions 57 between thecams 35 and 36, the trunnions 56 between the sections 43 and 44 of thecam 35, and the trunnions 55 between the cam 33 and flange 20. WVhen inthe position shown in Fig. 3, the lower sash 18 may be raised and thetrunnions 55 placed in the pockets 39, which will open the window underthe sash, or the sash may be further raised until it engages the uppersash 19 and again lowered, as described above, until the trunnions 55reach the pockets 40, in which they may be placed, thereby holding thewindow open at both its top and bottom, or the said trunnions may beplaced in the pockets 41, in which case the window will be opened at itstop only, and the lower sash 18 will rest on the cover 13. From this itis obvious that the sash 18 is first raised on one side of the cam 33and then lowered into the sash-pocket on the other side of said cam.This idea of first raising and then lowering the sash on the oppositesides of a cam we consider, broadly, new, and it may be embodied inother structu res than convertible cars.

While we have shown and described one embodiment of our invention, it isobvious that many others may be made which will utilize one or more ofthe features of our invention as set forth.

What we claim is-- 1. In a car or similar vehicle, the combination withthe grooved stanchions, with a plurality of sashes movable in thegrooves, sashpockets into which the said sashes may be shifted, andmeans whereby one sash in each window may be raised or lowered eitherwith or without a second sash in said window, and means for causing saidsashes to move together into said sash-pockets.

2. In a car or similar vehicle, the combination with grooved stanchionsand a pocket formed between the stanchions, of independent sashesmovable in the grooves and into and out of said pocket, and meanswhereby the lower sash may be raised before dropping it into the pocketand held in its adjusted position.

3. In a car or similar vehicle. a frame with stanchions, windows betweensaid stanchions, each window being provided with two sashes,sash-pockets below said windows, and means for causing said sashes topositively engage and to be lowered together into the sash pockets.

4. In a car or similar vehicle, a frame with stanchions, windows betweensaid stanchions, each window being provided with two sashes,saslrpockcts below said windows, means for causing a positive engagementbetween the two sashes of each window when one of the said sashes israised, and means for causing said sashes to be lowered together intotheir respective sash-pockets.

5. In a car or similar vehicle, a frame with stanchions, windows betweensaid stanchions, each window being provided with an upper and lower sashwhich are so arranged that they rest together and overlap when thewindow is closed, means for causing said sashes to separate, cometogether and positively ongage each other when the lower sash is raised,sash-pockets below said windows, and means for causing said sashes toremain so engaged when lowered into the sash-pockets.

6. In a car or similar vehicle, a frame with stanchions, windows betweensaid stanchions, a pocket below each window, an upper and a lower sashin each window, a cleat on each side edge of each upper sash, and meanson said lower sash to engage said cleats so that when the sashes arelowered into their respective pockets, they will be lowered together andin positive engagement.

7. In a car or similar vehicle, a frame with stanchions, windows betweensaid stanchions, sash-pockets below each window, an upper and a lowersash in each window, a cleat on each side edge of each upper sash withupwardly and downwardly extending fingers forming a recess between them,and means on said lower sashes to engage said cleats so that when thesashes are lowered into their respective pockets, they will be loweredtogether and in positive engagement.

8. In a car or similar vehicle, a frame with stanchions, guides on saidstanchions, windows between said stanchions, said sash-pockets beloweach window, each window being provided with an upper and lower sash,cleats on said upper sash, means for causing a positive engagementbetween said cleats and lower sash when the sashes are lowered into apocket and means on said sashes engaging said guides to determine themovement of said sashes.

9. In a car or similar vehicle, a frame with stanchions provided withguides and windows between adjacent stanchions, sash-pockets under saidwindows, each window being provided with an upper and lower sash, cleatson said upper sash, trunnions engaging said guides and cleats so thatwhen the sashes are lowered into said sash-pockets, the sashes will bein positive engagement with each other and their movements will bedetermined by said guides.

10. In a car or similar vehicle, a frame with stanchions, windowsbetween adjacent stanchions, upper and lower sashes in each of saidwindows and means for causing said sashes to engage so that the upperone is lowered and the lower one is raised thereby leaving an openingabove and an opening below said sashes.

11. In a car or similar vehicle, a frame with stanchions, windowsbetween adjacent stanchions, each window being provided with an upperand a lower sash, cleats on said upper sash and means fixed to the lowersash to engage said cleats and hold said sashes in positive engagementsand means for holding said sashes together so that the upper one islowered and the lower one is raised whereby the car may be ventilatedboth above and below the sashes.

12. In a car or similar vehicle, a frame with stanchions, guides on saidstanchions, windows between adjacent stanchions, each window beingprovided with an upper and a lower sash, cleats on said upper sash,means on said lower sash for engaging said cleats and holding saidsashes in positive engagement, and means for holding said sashes whileso engaged so that the upper sash will be lowered and the lower sashwill be raised thereby permitting the car to be ventilated above andbelow said sashes.

13. In a car or similar vehicle, a frame with stanchions, guides fixedto said. stanchions, windows between adjacent stanchions, each windowbeing provided with an upper and a lower sash, cleats fixed to saidupper sash, trunnions on said lower sash adapted to engage said cleats,and trunnions on said sashes so that the lower one will be raised andthe upper will be lowered while said first-mentioned trun-' nions engagesaid cleats.

1 In a car or similar vehicle, a frame with stanchions, windows betweenadjacent stanchions, an upper and a lower sash in each window, means forcausing said sashes to positively engage each other when the lower sashis raised, and means for lowering the sashes together until the lowersash is closed whereby the car may be ventilated through the openingover the sashes.

15. In a car or similar vehicle, a frame with stanchions, windowsbetween adjacent stanchions, an upper and lower sash in each window,cleats on said upper sash and means on said lower sash for engaging saidcleats and holding said sashes in positive engagement when the lowersash is raised and means for lowering said sashes together until thelower sash is closed whereby a ventilating-opening is left over saidsashes.

16. In a car or similar vehicle, a frame with stanchions, guides fixedto said stanchions,

windows between adjacent stanchions, each window being provided with anupper and a lower sash, cleats on said upper sash and means on saidlower sash for engaging said cleats and holding said sashes in positiveengagement, means on said sashes engaging said guides so that saidsashes may be lowered together until the lower sash is closed therebypermitting the car to be ventilated over both sashes.

17. In a car or similar vehicle, a frame with stanchions, guides fixedto said stanchions, windows between adjacent stanchions, each windowbeing provided with an upper and a lower sash, cleats on said uppersash, trunnions on said lower sash adapted to engage said cleats andadditional trunnions on said sashes which engage said guides so thatsaid sashes may be lowered together.

18. In a car or similar-vehicle, a car-frame provided with stanchions,guides with cams in said stanchions, sashes arranged in pairs betweensaid stanchions, means for causing the sashes of each pair to becomepositively engaged, and means for lowering said sashes into sash-pocketswhile so engaged.

19. In a car or similar vehicle, a car-frame provided with stanchions,guides fixed to said stanchions, some of said guides being removable,sashes in pairs between said stanchions, and means for causing saidsashes to become positively engaged so that they can be moved togetherinto saslrpockets.

20. In a car or similar vehicle, a car-frame provided with stanchions,guides with cams fixed to said stanchions, sashes sliding between saidstanchions and means for raising one sash and causing it to positivelyengage with another, and means for lowering said sashes together intosash-pockets.

21. In a car or similar vehicle, a frame with stanchions, sashes adaptedto slide between said stanchions means for causing one sash topositively engage another when raised, and means for lowering saidsashes together into sash-pockets.

22. In a car or similar vehicle, a frame with stanchions, guides withcams secured to said stanchions, sashes with trunnions engaging saidguides and cams, means for causing said sashes to positively engage eachother when one sash is raised, said trunnions, cams and guides being sodisposed that the sashes are lowered together into sash-pockets.

23. .In a car or similar vehicle, a frame with stanchions with guidesand cams secured thereto, sashes with trunnions engaging said guides andcams sliding between said stanchions, cleats on one of said sashesadapted to engage trunnions on another sash, said elements being soarranged and disposed that when the lastrnentioned sash is raised, someof its trunnions engage the cleats of the other sash, the remainingtrunnions on both sashes engaging the guides and earns when the sashesare lowered.

24. In a car or similar vehicle, a frame with stanchions, guides withcams fixed to said stanchions, removable guides secured to saidstanchions, sashes with trunnions sliding between said guides and cams,means for causing said sashes to positively engage each other, saidtrunnions, guides and cams being so arranged and disposed that when onesash is raised, it is first removed from and then brought to the othersash then into positive engagement therewith so that both sashes may belowered together.

25. In a car or similar vehicle, a frame with stanchions, flanges withupwardly-projecting metallic plates secured to said stanchions, andguides also secured to said stanchions.

26. In a car or similar vehicle, a frame with stanchions, flanges onsaid stanchions, and guides with cams fixed to said stanchions, some ofsaid cams being provided with upper and lower sections. 27. As anarticle of manufacture, a stanchion provided with flanges, guidesrunning substantially parallel with said flanges, one of said guidesbeing provided with a base to which cams are secured.

28. As an article of manufacture, a stanchion, flanges on saidstanchion, guides secured thereto, one of said guides being providedwith a base to which cams are fixed, some of said cams being providedwith upper and lower sections.

29. As an article of manufacture, a stanchion with flanges, the inneredges of which are adapted to rest against sashes and upwardlydisposedplates secured to said flanges and adapted to rest against the sashes.

30. As an article of manufacture, a stanchion with guides, one of saidguides having a removable part secured at one end by a dowel, and at itsother end by a catch.

31. As an article of manufacture, aguide for stanchions comprising abase, cams secured to said base, some of said cams being provided withupper and lower sections.

32. The combination with the stanchions and sashes, of theparting-strips 33.

33. The combination with the stanchions and sashes, of means for causingthe lower sash to engage the upper and to hold the lower sash raised,comprising the parting-strips 33 secured to the stanchions.

34. In a car or similar vehicle, a car-frame provided with cams, andsashes whose movements are determined by said cams so that each sash maybe raised on one side of its guidingcams and lowered on the other.

35. In a car or similar vehicle, a car-frame provided with sash-pocketsand guiding-cams, and sashes whose movement is determined by said camsso that each sash may be raised on one sideof its guiding-cam andlowered into the sash-pocket on the other.

36. In a car or similar vehicle, a frame provided with cams and a sashwhose movement is determined by said cams so that the sash may be raisedand lowered on opposite edges of said i'iLlllS.

iii. in a car or similar vehicle, a frame provided with cams and awindow-sill and a sash which is adapted to rest on said sill and whosemovement is determined by said cams so that when the said sash is raisedfrom the said sill, it may be raised and lowered on opposite edges ofsaid cams.

In a convertible car or similar vehicle, stanchions, sashes adapted toslide between the same, and removable guides provided withspring-actuated catches.

39. In a convertible car or similar vehicle, a stanchion and a removableguide secured thereto, said guide being provided with a spring-actuatedcatch at one end.

4U. ln a convertible car or similar vehicle,

a stanchion and a removable guide secured thereto, said guide beingprovided with a springactuated catch at one end and fastening means atthe other.

l1. In a convertible car or similar vehicle, a stanchion, and aremovable guide secured thereto, said guide being provided with aspring-actuated catch at one end and a dowelpin at the other. I

Signed in the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania,this 1st day of September, 1903.

JOHN A. BRILL. HENRY E. HADDOCK. \Vitnesses:

H. A. HEULING, Hi. J. FERDINAND.

